A heteroevaluation is an evaluative methodology.
Evaluations are usually part of educational processes. When evaluating students, teachers estimate the students' academic performance and note what knowledge they acquired throughout the course.
There are different evaluation methodologies. The exam carried out by a person other than the person being evaluated is called heteroevaluation .
Heteroevaluation, therefore, is the opposite of self-evaluation . While in self-assessment the student takes responsibility for the learning process and its results, hetero-assessment implies the inclusion of an external perspective.
How heteroevaluation is developed
The usual thing is that the heteroevaluation is developed by the teacher or the professor . In any case, it may also involve the participation of the student's family or other agents.
In some cases, heteroevaluation makes it possible for someone who is not part of the educational community in question to join the teaching and learning process. This promotes an alternative education model, which incorporates other actors to enrich training.
At a general level, heteroevaluation aims to detect the student's errors and successes when transmitting the acquired knowledge. Based on the results of this test, the necessary adjustments can be made to the educational work to optimize the work .
Heteroevaluation, in short, analyzes the fulfillment of the objectives set out in the curriculum. If the student manages to demonstrate that he has learned the stipulated concepts, he will obtain a good grade . On the contrary, if you cannot demonstrate that the learning has been successful, you will fail . Failure to pass the heteroevaluation reveals that the student has not yet developed the expected competencies.
In a heteroevaluation, the person who analyzes the exam is someone other than the person being evaluated.
Differences with other methods
Let us return for a moment to the concept of self-evaluation and add that of co-evaluation, to briefly define them and contrast them with that of hetero-evaluation:
* Self-assessment consists of giving the student the power to determine the degree of correctness of his or her own work. Whether it is an exam or a research document, the objective of this educational proposal is for you to assume the responsibility of detecting and pointing out your own errors before the teacher and, generally, the rest of the class;
* Co-assessment , on the other hand, consists of asking all students to evaluate each other. In this case, it is necessary to provide them with a series of tools before starting the process, so that they have a procedural guide and know how to express the results to their colleagues.
One of the advantages of self-assessment is the testing of sincerity: the student must maturely face his own mistakes instead of trying to hide them. This helps him understand that perfection is not the goal of teaching, but overcoming obstacles through effort. Co-evaluation serves to encourage communication between students and can enrich their oral expression skills by confronting them with unusual situations: they are usually the recipients of the verdict, but suddenly become the issuers.
Advantages of heteroevaluation
Thanks to heteroevaluation, it is also possible to break down the barriers of traditional education, which put the teacher as the only actor in the evaluation of their students. Although this structure falls within the definition of heteroevaluation, to take advantage of everything that this process can offer us, it is important to include more agents, such as the student's parents or even the rest of the teaching staff.
We must not forget that in the scientific field it is common to perform at least one check before storing a result . Well, the same thing should happen in education. Why not invite language, geography and psychology teachers to evaluate a student's performance on an oral history exam? Each person's opinion can be enriching for all parties.