Facticity is that which cannot be denied, that cannot be questioned.
The idea of facticity refers to the factual condition . The factual, for its part, is that which is linked to the facts or is based on them .
Undeniable, evident
As can be seen, before moving forward with the concept of facticity, it is essential to define what a fact is. This is what something that happens or an action is called.
Facticity, in this framework, is based on facts. It is given by something that cannot be denied, as long as it is evident or verifiable that it happens or happened. To live effectively, overcoming temporary obstacles and achieving fulfillment, it is necessary to know how to distinguish what is factual from what can be altered through our actions.
Suppose that the wealth of three individuals, if the assets of each one are added, amounts to two million pesos . The following year, that figure doubles and reaches four million pesos . Facticity indicates that the wealth of the group, in the period analyzed, grew: it is a fact demonstrable through statistics, reports, etc. In any case, perhaps only one of the subjects has registered a large increase in wealth, while the other two may have become poorer.
In philosophy
In the field of philosophy , facticity refers to the contingent nature of certain facts . It is about the condition of what has factual existence.
It can be said that facticity is a reality that, no matter how much it is neglected or goes unnoticed, has existence. According to some perspectives, facticity is what is understood to not be able to be modified .
Continuing with that line of thinking, it doesn't matter what a person does: facticity causes that particular thing to continue to exist as it is or as it is. Therefore facticity is outside the realm of possibilities .
Factuality and validity
One of the great names in the field of philosophy and sociology that arises when we talk about facticity is that of Jürgen Habermas , born in the city of Düsseldorf, Germany, in 1929. Among his various occupations and interests, which include participation From different linguistic, artistic and scientific academies, Habermas wrote various works from 1962 to 2005; one of them, dating from 1992, is titled Facticity and Validity .
Starting in 1989, after the fall of the Berlin Wall , Habermas began to focus on philosophical, legal and political issues. The work Facticity and Validity is the most notable of his literary legacy, since it was unprecedented in dealing with legal philosophy but immersed in the critical theory that we associate with the Frankfurt School. Just as he had done before and did again with his later written works, Habermas expressed his own vision in which he presented theories in a field open to discussion.
Habermas presents a double point of view of law, an empirical one and a normative one.
His main interest was the role that law played in the societies of that time. In his opinion, the law exists with the objective of justifying acts in a systematic way, as well as to interpret events and act accordingly. In addition, it plays a role of social integration . It is important to remember that the so-called "modern" society, since then, made the imposition of sanctions through violence or force incompatible with the convictions that arise from the use of reason.
Habermas's intention is to observe law taking two complementary points of view , one empirical and one normative. In this way, it can affirm that the law respects its own content based on a defined number of norms , while from the outside it can be described as a part of social reality.