A summary that includes the main data and the relationships between them can be called a schema.
Originating from the Latin term schema , a schema is the graphic or symbolic representation of material or immaterial things. For example: «The architect has presented a construction scheme» , «This is the scheme of our organization» . On the other hand, a schema is an idea or concept that someone has about something and that conditions their behavior ( "My schema prevents me from accepting this type of work" ).
The concept of outline is also used to refer to the summary of a writing , speech or theory that addresses only its most significant lines or characters ( "I have made an outline of its presentation" ).
A conceptual scheme , meanwhile, is a system of ideas , an organized set of universal concepts that allow an approach to a particular object. It is an open theoretical package that can be tested in everyday life.
Schemes in teaching
In the field of teaching , the scheme is a very appropriate technique for studying and memorizing new topics, since it gives us the possibility of associating ideas and relating them to each other to give rise to an orderly classification that facilitates their understanding. Making an outline also requires learning certain techniques and, of course, practice, but it is a bet that more than repays us the effort throughout our academic life.
Before starting to make the outline itself, we must read the source text as carefully as possible, to understand it in depth and thus detect those "invisible" divisions that allow us to decompose it into many parts. Underlining the phrases that seem most relevant to us is very good advice; They can be individual words or even complete sentences, as long as we consider them key to understanding the topic.
The objective of this thorough inspection is to recognize the structure , the skeleton, because it is based on it that we can build the scheme. We can establish an analogy with the foundation of a building, the group of elements of its structure on which we will support the most superficial ones: both parts are equally important, since without a solid base a well-finished exterior cannot exist, but we should never start for the latter.
A diagram can be a graphic representation of something immaterial or material.
Step by step
Once we have all the elements well differentiated, we must group them into categories that go from the highest degree of generality to the lowest; for example: Theme, Main ideas, Secondary ideas, Details, etc. Each step should serve to expand the ideas raised in the one directly above it. If we think of a document that tells the history of computers, we can think that the topic "peripherals" may include "monitors" and "keyboards" at the same level, and that under each of them there will be other categories, such as be "functions" or "types."
The ability to synthesize is almost as important as understanding the text: the outline should consist of a series of brief points, built from key words or very short interconnected phrases so that reading is agile.
Body scheme
A body schema is the consciousness or mental representation of the body and its parts, with their mechanisms and possibilities of movement, as a means of communication with oneself and the environment. The good development of the body scheme supposes a good evolution of motor skills, spatial and temporal perception, and affectivity.
Adequate knowledge of the body includes body image and body concept , which can be developed through activities that promote knowledge of the body as a whole, knowledge of the segmented body, control of global and segmented movements, static balance, dynamic balance and harmonious body expression.