Disability is a condition that involves difficulty in performing everyday tasks.
A disability is a condition that causes a person to be considered handicapped . This means that the person in question will have difficulties in carrying out everyday tasks that are not difficult for other individuals. The origin of a disability is usually some disorder in the physical or mental faculties.
For example: "Authorities must take into account the needs of people with disabilities" , "In my case, disability has never been an excuse to stop doing things" , "Getting around these streets when you have a physical disability is almost impossible" .
The perception of disability
Over the years, disability has been perceived in different ways by society . In the 20th century, it was linked to a certain function that was considered impaired in comparison to the general state of a subject. It could be a physical, intellectual or other type of disability, caused by a mental disorder or a chronic disease.
Based on the above, we must emphasize that basically when we talk about physical disability we are referring to the absence or decrease of motor abilities that a person has, which means that it is very difficult for them to carry out different activities of routine life.
Currently, the goal is to ensure that disabilities do not prevent people from integrating and adapting to society.
Classification according to type
Problems during pregnancy or at birth, as well as various accidents that may have caused serious damage to the body, and specifically to areas such as the spinal cord, are some of the main causes of someone having a physical disability . An example would be: "Manuel suffers from a disability as a result of a traffic accident that now forces him to use a wheelchair."
There is also what is known as a mental disability . This is specifically the one that arises in a human being as a result of him/her suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or Asperger's syndrome, among others. All of this means that the person has difficulties when it comes to integrating and behaving in the social environment.
And finally, we have mental disability . This term refers to someone with a mental development and functioning that is below average. For all these reasons, we could establish that among the people who have this type of disability are those who have Down syndrome as well as all those who have seen their intellectual capacity diminished due to problems during childbirth, traffic accidents or prenatal injuries.
Disability and integration
In recent years, disability has begun to be considered from a human rights perspective. The objective has become the integration of disabled people into the community, facilitating this through the idea of accessibility.
This last concept ( accessibility ) involves adapting environments and devices so that disabled people can use them in the same way as everyone else. To do this, certain technical aspects need to be considered to reduce barriers for people with disabilities (such as ramps for people who use wheelchairs or traffic lights with sound for the blind).