The proximal colon is made up of the beginning and middle part of the colon
The concept of proximal is used in the field of anatomy to refer to that which is close to the midline of a structure or a reference point. The opposite of proximal is distal , which refers to what is separated or distanced from the middle sector of something or the reference.
closer
It can be said, therefore, that the proximal is closer to the center or the area of union with the body . If we take into account the knees and the phalanges of the feet, for example, it can be stated that the knees are proximal with respect to the phalanges. Or, similarly, that the phalanges of the feet are distal with respect to the knees.
Dentistry recognizes a fairly common type of caries , those called interdental, interproximal or proximal . These are those that form between the teeth. They are the most difficult to avoid, since they require the greatest degree of commitment on the part of the person when it comes to oral hygiene, mainly the use of dental floss as a complement to brushing.
proximal colon
The proximal colon , meanwhile, is formed by the initial part and the middle section of the colon (that is, the fragment of the large intestine that goes from the cecum to the beginning of the rectum). The proximal colon, therefore, includes the cecum , ascending colon , and transverse colon .
This means that the proximal colon includes the cecum (a kind of pouch where undigested food from the small intestine is directed), the ascending colon (which develops upwards, in the right sector of the abdomen) and the transverse colon. (crosses the body from the right stripe to the left). Then the distal colon appears, composed of the descending colon (directed downward on the left side) and the sigmoid colon (attached to the rectum).
Colorectal cancer , one of the diseases associated with this part of the body, can originate in the colon or rectum, when cells begin to grow uncontrolled. Typically, it is the lining of one of these two sectors that is the source of cell growth, something known as a polyp . Most cases of colorectal cancer correspond to so-called adenocarcinomas , but there are also carcinoid tumors , lymphomas , gastrointestinal stromal tumors and sarcomas .
proximal phalanges
The proximal phalanges , finally, are the bones found at the base of the fingers and toes. Its beginning takes place in the most prominent joints, the so-called knuckles , which are associated with the metatarsals or the metacarpals, depending on whether we are talking about the feet or the hands, respectively. These last parts can be considered its upper parts.
The proximal phalanges are located at the base of the fingers.
In the lower part of the proximal phalanges there is an articulation with others, the middle phalanges , although this does not occur in the big toe or the thumb since, as they lack middle phalanges, their articulation occurs with the distal. As added information, we can say that one of the characteristics of the proximal phalanges is that they have a flat palmar surface and a convex dorsal surface.
There is a congenital malformation that is related to these concepts: hyperphalangia . It occurs in the extremities and is characterized by the development of an extra phalanx, which is located between the proximal and the metacarpus or metatarsus, or between any pair of phalanges of the fingers, except for the thumb. Typically, this problem is bilateral, meaning it occurs on both sides of the body, and the person does not develop extra fingers or other skeletal abnormalities.