The first thing we are going to do, before entering fully into the meaning of the term jurisdiction, is to know its etymological origin. In this case, we have to establish that it derives from Latin, exactly from the word "iuridictio", which can be translated as "authority to enforce laws and govern" and that it is the result of the sum of the following lexical components:
-The noun "ius, iuris", which means "law" and "right."
-The verb "dicare", which is synonymous with "say".
-The suffix "-cion", which is used to indicate "action and effect."
This is the name given to the authority that a court or judge has to judge and to order compliance with what has been judged.
The term can also refer to the power held by someone to exercise government and to the territory to which a power or authority extends. For example: "The local government maintained that the international organization does not have jurisdiction to intervene in the crisis" , "The event occurred in the jurisdiction of the municipality of San Pablo" , "The municipal authorities never had jurisdiction over the port" .
Among the words that can function as synonyms for jurisdiction, we can highlight both competence and authority, power, power, authority, demarcation, dominion, attribution, command, term or even attribution.
It can be said that jurisdiction is linked to power . Whoever has jurisdiction over something can exercise their sovereignty and impose their decisions within the corresponding framework.
Suppose a crime is committed in the border area of a country X and a country T. If the event occurred in the national territory of X , the authorities of said nation will have jurisdiction to promote the investigation and the relevant judicial process. On the other hand, if the events took place a few kilometers away, already on the surface of country T , its authorities will be responsible for resolving the case because it will have happened on lands under their jurisdiction.
Jurisdiction, therefore, is associated with competition . He who has jurisdiction is competent to act; On the contrary, without jurisdiction, the matter is foreign to it since it exceeds its competence. Without jurisdiction, an agency has no capacity to act because the power belongs to another.
In the same way, we cannot ignore the existence of what is known as social jurisdiction. This is a term within the scope of Procedural Law that is used to refer to the jurisdiction that is directed to what is the application and knowledge of Law in the field of social jurisdictional order.
Thus, within it there are different bodies established by the State that address issues related to Labor Law or even Social Security. For example, they are in charge of solving what may be labor-related conflicts.
In addition, we have to establish that it also proceeds to resolve claims that are related to collective conflicts, prevention of occupational risks, freedom of association, labor agreements...