Before proceeding to fully enter into the meaning of the term disqualification, we are going to proceed to discover its etymological origin. Specifically, it must be established that it derives from the word "disable", which comes from Latin and is the result of the sum of the following lexical components of said language:
-The prefix «in-«, which means «no» or «without».
-The verb «habere», which is synonymous with «have».
-The suffix "-ilis", which is used to indicate "capacity" or "possibility."
-The suffix "-ar", which is an ending that is used to give form to what the verbs are.
Disqualification is the act and consequence of disqualifying : determining that an individual is unfit or unsuitable to obtain or exercise a right or position . The concept can also refer to making a certain action impossible .
Terms such as punishment, penalty, prohibition , disavowal, invalidation or incapacitation can be used as synonyms for disqualification.
In the judicial field, disqualification is a penalty that consists of depriving a subject of the exercise of an activity or profession , or of making use of a right . It is, therefore, a punishment or a sanction.
Suppose that, after several complaints and an extensive investigation, it is proven that a doctor is responsible for the death of three young people due to negligence, lack of expertise and defective practice. Faced with this reality, a judge decides to disqualify the professional for life: this means that this person will no longer be able to practice medicine again.
An official, on the other hand, may be disqualified from holding public office when he or she is found guilty of certain crimes . If it is discovered that a mayor used state resources and his position of power to favor his relatives, he may be subject to, among other sanctions, disqualification.
It must be established that there are basically two disqualification penalties. The first, the so-called absolute disqualification, establishes that the person in question is not only permanently deprived of public positions, jobs and even honors that he or she may have, but is also incapacitated from obtaining others with similar characteristics and even from be elected as a public office during the duration of the sentence.
This penalty of deprivation of rights can have a duration of between 6 to 20 years and will entail another prison sentence of ten or more years.
The second, special disqualification is also a penalty of deprivation of rights of between 3 months and 20 years that can be of various types: for the right to passive suffrage, for employment or public office, for the exercise of parental authority or guardianship , for profession or commerce…
In the field of sport , the entities in charge of organizing championships and tournaments are empowered to decide to disqualify players when the regulations are violated. A footballer who leaves a club and does not respect the contract he signed, for example, may be disqualified from playing again.
A disqualification even weighs, sometimes, on an infrastructure. The disabling of a stadium means that said venue cannot host events .