In archaeology, incised is an adjective that refers to superficial incisions on a piece.
The concept of incision comes from the Latin word incīsus . It can be used as an adjective to refer to a style with interruptions or cut off , according to the first meaning mentioned by the Royal Spanish Academy ( RAE ) in its dictionary.
Also as an adjective , inciso is used in archaeology to describe a piece decorated with superficial incisions . For example , “The vessel found has incised motifs” , “The incised decoration of the ceramics found at the foot of the mountain surprised the researchers” .
The idea of incision in grammar
Inciso is also used as a noun in the field of grammar . An inciso, in this context, is an expression that, interspersed with another, offers an explanation of some point linked to it.
Explanatory clauses , therefore, interrupt a sentence to go into more detail. They are written between commas, parentheses or dashes and, since they do not modify the meaning of the original expression, they can be eliminated without affecting understanding.
“Jorge Gómez, the neighborhood greengrocer, won the raffle” is a sentence that has an explanatory clause ( “greengrocer in the neighborhood” ). If this clarification is removed, the sentence still has the same meaning ( “Jorge Gómez won the raffle” ).
Sections are subdivisions of articles of laws.
A specification that cannot be ignored
There are even specific or determinative clauses, which are not enclosed by commas , parentheses or dashes and are necessary to provide meaning. The sentence “Young people who complete their studies get good jobs” has a specific clause: “who complete their studies” .
It is important to note that in the case of specific clauses, the meaning of the sentence is affected if we remove this additional information , since its function is different from that of the explanatory clause. While the latter "explains" who the subject is, providing us with certain data to recognize it in case we do not know exactly who it is (it can also be a material object or an abstract noun), the specific clause helps us to separate it from a group since it does not mention it by its proper name and, in fact, it is usually in the plural.
That said, let’s look at a sentence in which the type of clause could completely change the meaning: it is not the same to say “The boy who was worried about the exam got a satisfactory grade” than “The boy, who was worried about the exam, got a satisfactory grade” . The first sentence uses an explanatory clause to clarify which boy it is about, probably because in the context of the message there are several and we would not be able to know who it is about if we were not given this information : we are not talking about just any boy, but about the one who was worried about the exam.
In the second sentence, on the other hand, the context is supposed to be enough to know which boy the speaker is talking about; for this reason, the role of the clause is simply to give us more information about him, but this is not necessary to understand the main meaning of the sentence: the important thing is that he got a satisfactory grade, regardless of his mood regarding the exam.
An interlude in rhetoric
In rhetoric there is a figure called ellipsis that can be similar or complementary to the clause, since it involves the omission of certain words from a clause that are necessary for understanding the message, but which is carried out because it is expected that the interlocutor will understand it by context.
Let's look at an example sentence: "She will arrive around twelve and I will arrive a little later" ; here the verb "I will arrive" is omitted because it is understood and it would be redundant to write it twice.
The concept in law
In the field of law , finally, the sections are subdivisions of the articles of the laws.
Each paragraph, in this framework, is a part that details a certain provision.