Sayer is one who says.
The adjective dicente , which comes from the Latin word dices , is used to describe someone who says . The term, also used as a noun, derives from the verb say : to express thoughts or ideas through words.
Some examples
This term is not commonly used in everyday speech, so it is useful to rely on example sentences to better understand its meaning: “The defendant surprised the police officers by stating that he was at home all day and yet he was not heard nothing” , “I can't understand anything the complainant is saying” , “According to the complaint, the subject proposed an agreement that the complainant did not accept and from there the conflict began” .
Before moving forward, it is important to mention that the Royal Spanish Academy ( RAE ) also accepts the notion of diciente . In this way, one can refer interchangeably to a declarant or a diciente, since both concepts are synonymous.
The speaker in communication
For communication to be possible, it is essential that the speaker expresses himself precisely . He who resorts to vagueness and lacks a rich vocabulary is not in a position to convey ideas efficiently, since the listener may have difficulty understanding his message .
Precision is a requirement for proper communication, but we can't find it in most conversations. On the contrary, we tend to use oral language with much less attention to grammatical and semantic rules than when we stop to write a message. In any case, today we have the help of digital dictionaries and correctors , which forgive us errors that in the late 1980s would have been typical of a person without any degree of education in the Spanish language .
This brings us to the concept of context, a key term in communication: it is about the specific characteristics of the speaker, his interlocutors, the geographical environment, the time, as well as the social, cultural and economic levels in which he has place the emission of a message. All of this determines the specific needs of the parties so they can be clearly understood, and precision doesn't always make the list.
Between two friends, for example, codes are formed that transcend the rules and even the walls of language. Thanks to them, they can communicate in a unique way, different from the way they use with other people. This allows them to achieve a degree of mutual understanding with very few words, sometimes used incorrectly, that between two strangers would require a much greater number. In short, the speaker must adapt his speech to each interlocutor, to each particular situation.
in semiotics
The idea of saying, on the other hand, appears in the field of semiotics . The American Charles Sanders Peirce defined a telling sign as one that, for the interpretant, has a real existence.
Human creations are telling signs because they give rise to value judgments.
A sign is something that is in place of something else. It is a unit of representation organized through codes. The saying sign or dicisign , for Peirce , is a quasi-proposition: it is capable of existing in a discourse or proposition.
In his classification of the different types of signs, Peirce defines the teller as one that allows its interpreter to make value judgments or statements, make decisions or carry out actions based on its observation. To better understand this concept of such intangible appearance, let's look at a simple example: a car is a telling sign since an interpreter can judge its manufacturer by observing its appearance, its materials, its design and its performance.