Aristotle is one of the most relevant and influential philosophers of all time.
Aristotle is one of the greatest exponents of philosophy . With his ideas, the scientist and polymath of Greek origin considerably influenced Western culture .
For this man who was interested in a huge variety of disciplines, knowledge (which he segments into three levels or areas) is built through experience . As a result of his valuable contributions, his figure has been recognized over time as essential for the development and evolution of biology , the scientific method , political theory , logic and rhetoric , for example.
Aristotle 's contributions to physics and astronomy also gave rise to the birth of Aristotelian physics , and his reflections on the female gender together cemented an Aristotelian vision of women that transcended eras and borders.
Experiences of Aristotle
According to documentation related to the experiences of Aristotle , this thinker from Ancient Greece came into the world approximately in the year 384 BC and died in 322 BC.
He was the son of Festis and a doctor named Nicomachus . Unfortunately, he was orphaned at an early age. Faced with this situation, Proxenus of Atarneus , playing the role of tutor, took charge of educating him and sending him, some time later, to Athens with the intention that the still young Aristotle could train at Plato's Academy , where he stayed for two decades.
When Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and settled for several periods, first in Atarneus and then in Assus , where he was a protégé of his former friend and companion Hermias of Atarneus . He later lived in Mytilene , where, together with his colleague Theophrastus , he carried out research on marine biology and zoology .
Regarding her love life, it was established that she married Pythias of Assus and from that love a girl was born, nicknamed Pythias the Younger . Already a widower, he had a romantic relationship with Herpilis and had his second heir, baptized as Nicomachus .
At the request of King Philip II of Macedonia , around 343 BC, Aristotle moved to the Pella area to work as a tutor for the then pre-adolescent Alexander the Great . In this context, he even provided lessons to Cassander and Ptolemy .
Back in Athens , Aristotle opened his own educational institution, the Lyceum . Many of the classes offered there were free and public.
Finally, this thinker settled in Chalcis , where he died as a result of a pathology that affected his digestive system.
Socrates, Plato and Aristotle are some of the figures who marked a before and after in the history of philosophy.
Works
Those who have dedicated themselves to studying the life and contributions of Aristotle came to the conclusion that he wrote around two hundred texts, although only a few dozen managed to be preserved and stored in the “Corpus Aristotelicum” .
Only a few fragments were able to be recovered in the form of poems or dialogues from the works considered lost. This happened, for example, with passages recovered from a material identified as “Exhortations” or “Protrepticus” . However, it has been possible to analyse and appreciate the contents of “Metaphysics” and “Organon”. The latter publication includes “Analítica Priora” – or “First Analytics” -, “Analítica Posteriora” (or “Second Analytics” ) and a treatise on dialectics called “Topics” .
Fortunately, works such as the Nicomachean Ethics , the Ethics to Eudemus , the Poetics , the Categories and the Magna Moralia have not been forgotten or lost. When it comes to appreciating Aristotle 's legacy, it is also enriching to know that Aristotle's work is supported by treatises such as Meteorology and De Anima (On the Soul) , to name a few.
Aristotle studied for twenty years at Plato's Academy.
Aristotle's legacy
The Aristotelian legacy includes, as we have pointed out above, texts focused on various themes and disciplines. His production includes materials on literature , aesthetics and history , as well as works inspired by technique , ethics and politics .
It cannot be overstated that Aristotle produced writings focused on metaphysics and wrote treatises on physics and logic .
He also shared contributions and visions regarding philosophical theories and thoughts of several of his colleagues, reaching the point in this context of formulating a critique of Plato regarding the theory of ideas (or forms) defended by his guide or teacher.
Reviewing the footprint left by Aristotle , in addition to the sayings and tools detailed in the previous paragraphs, the theory of the soul as well as the theory of the four causes that he promoted gain relevance. At this point it is appropriate to remember that this philosopher addressed the concepts of act and potency when defining and explaining, in terms of physiology , ethics , movement and causality , the dynamic together with the possibility or capacity to be. Aristotle is also credited with the theory of hylomorphism , a statement that indicates that form and matter are basic principles of substance .